三保・羽車神社を訪れて / Visiting Hagoromo Shrine in Miho
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第十一話 羽衣伝説とエレーヌ夫人 １．三保・羽車神社を訪れて
三保・羽車神社を訪れて
三保の松原は、羽衣伝説で広く知られる場所です。この浜では毎年十月初めに「羽衣祭り」が開かれ、能「羽衣」の世界が三保羽衣薪能として上演されます。
羽衣の物語では、漁師の白龍が松の枝に掛かった天人の羽衣を見つけます。天人は衣を返してくれれば天の舞楽を見せると約束しますが、白龍はそのまま天へ帰ってしまうのではないかと疑います。天人は、疑いは人間にあるもので、天には偽りがないと語り、白龍は恥じて羽衣を返します。
この羽衣伝説に深く心を寄せた人物に、フランスの舞踏家エレーヌ・ジュグラリス夫人がいます。エレーヌ夫人は一九一六年に生まれ、フランスで舞踏家として活動しました。西洋舞踏だけでなく、東洋の芸能である日本の能に関心を持ち、戦時中で資料も限られていた時代に、自ら能を舞踏として学び、衣装も制作したといいます。
昭和二十四年三月、エレーヌ夫人はパリのギネ美術館で能「羽衣」を初めて公演し、評判を得ました。しかし同年六月、「羽衣」の衣装をまとったまま舞台で倒れ、その二年後に亡くなりました。夫人は夫のマルセル氏に、自分の遺髪と思いを三保の松原へ届けてほしいと願い残したと伝えられています。
その後、マルセル氏が日本を訪れ、この話に感銘を受けた人々によって「日仏羽衣の会」がつくられました。昭和二十七年には、当時の清水市にエレーヌ夫人の碑が建立され、梅若万三郎一門による能「羽衣」も特設舞台で上演されました。
以後、羽衣の松の近くにある羽車神社の祭典に合わせて、エレーヌ夫人の碑を顕彰する行事が続けられてきました。昭和五十九年には、旧清水市の市政六十周年、開港八十五年、ストックトン姉妹都市提携二十五周年を記念する企画の中で、三保で薪能を行うことになり、これが現在の「羽衣祭り」へとつながっています。
羽衣祭りでは、羽衣の松を借景に薪を焚き、各流派の能楽師を招いて能が上演されます。また、保存会による「羽衣の舞」や、御穂神社に伝わる稚児舞、雅楽なども大切に受け継がれています。三保の羽衣祭りは、地域の伝説、日本の能、そしてフランスの舞踏家の思いが重なり合う行事として続いています。
Visiting Hagoromo Shrine in Miho
Miho no Matsubara is widely known as the setting of the Hagoromo Legend. Every year in early October, the “Hagoromo Festival” is held on this shore, and the world of the Noh play Hagoromo is presented through the Miho Hagoromo Takigi Noh performance.
In the story of Hagoromo, the fisherman Hakuryō finds a celestial maiden’s feather robe hanging from a pine branch. The heavenly maiden promises to perform a celestial dance if the robe is returned, but Hakuryō suspects that she will immediately return to heaven with it. The maiden replies that doubt belongs to human beings, while there is no falsehood in heaven. Ashamed of his suspicion, Hakuryō returns the robe to her.
One person who was deeply moved by this legend was the French dancer Hélène Juglaris. Born in 1916, she worked as a dancer in France. She became interested not only in Western dance but also in Japanese Noh, an art of the East. During a time of war, when materials and contact with Japan were limited, she studied Noh as a form of dance on her own and even created her own costumes.
In March 1949, Madame Juglaris gave her first performance of Hagoromo at the Guimet Museum in Paris, where it was well received. However, in June of the same year, she collapsed on stage while wearing the costume of Hagoromo and died two years later. It is said that she asked her husband, Marcel, to bring her hair and her thoughts to Miho no Matsubara in her place.
Afterward, Marcel visited Japan, and people who were deeply moved by the story established the “Japan-France Hagoromo Association.” In 1952, a monument to Madame Juglaris was erected in what was then Shimizu City, and a special performance of the Noh play Hagoromo was given by the Umewaka Manzaburō school.
Since then, commemorative events for Madame Juglaris have continued in connection with the annual festival at Haguruma Shrine, located near the Hagoromo Pine. In 1984, as part of commemorative projects marking the 60th anniversary of Shimizu City, the 85th anniversary of the opening of Shimizu Port, and the 25th anniversary of the sister-city relationship with Stockton, a Takigi Noh performance was held in Miho. This became the origin of the present-day “Hagoromo Festival.”
During the festival, Noh performances are staged with the Hagoromo Pine as a backdrop and illuminated by ceremonial firelight, with performers invited from various Noh schools. The festival also preserves local cultural traditions such as the “Hagoromo Dance,” performed by preservation groups, as well as Chigo-mai and gagaku associated with Miho Shrine.
The Hagoromo Festival of Miho continues today as an event that brings together local legend, the tradition of Japanese Noh, and the memory of a French dancer devoted to the story of Hagoromo.
